What is polymer clay made of?
Polymer clay, as we know it, the oven bake kind that comes in many brands including Sculpey, Premo, Fimo, Cernit, Kato, and more- is not a DIY make at home project.
Polymer clay is a versatile modeling material primarily made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a type of plastic. It consists of several key components:
Composition of Polymer Clay
- Base Resin: The primary ingredient is PVC resin, which provides the fundamental structure of the clay.
- Plasticizer: A liquid plasticizer is added to the PVC to enhance its flexibility and workability. This component allows the clay to remain soft and pliable until it is cured in an oven.
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Fillers and Additives: Various additives may be included to modify properties such as opacity, strength, and texture. Common fillers include zinc oxide and kaolin, while gelling agents like fumed silica can improve the clay's handling characteristics.
- Pigments: Colorants are mixed into the clay to create a wide range of colors, allowing for artistic versatility.
Properties and Uses
- Thermal Stability: Unlike traditional clays that require high kiln temperatures, polymer clay cures at lower temperatures (typically between 212°F and 300°F), making it suitable for home ovens
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Malleability: The plasticizer ensures that the clay can be easily shaped and molded without cracking, provided it is properly conditioned before use
- Durability: Once cured, polymer clay retains its shape and can be drilled, sanded, or painted, making it ideal for various crafts including jewelry making, sculpture, and home decor.
Safety Considerations
While modern formulations have largely eliminated harmful phthalate plasticizers, concerns about long-term exposure to certain additives remain. It is advisable to follow safety guidelines when working with polymer clay, such as using separate tools for food and crafting purposes
Polymer clay is a synthetic modeling material made from PVC and various additives that enhance its usability for artistic applications. Its unique properties make it a popular choice among crafters and artists alike.